Search Results - "evolution"

Archaeology in the Great Basin and Southwest : papers in honor of Don D. Fowler /

Table of Contents: “…Polly Schaafsma -- 14. Some Thoughts on Evolution, Ecology, and Archaeology in the Great Basin Steven R. …”
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Hermeticity testing of MEMS and microelectronic packages / by Costello, Suzanne, Desmulliez, Marc P. Y., 1963-

Table of Contents: “…Machine generated contents note: References -- pt. 1 Introduction to Hermetic Packages and Leak Types -- 1.The Evolution of Packages, Their Sealing Methods, and Modes of Fabrication -- 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.The Evolution of Microelectronics and MEMS Packages -- 1.3.MEMS Sealing Techniques and Mode Package Fabrication -- 1.3.1.Materials -- 1.3.2.Sealing Techniques -- 1.4.Summary of MEMS Packaging Materials and Techniques -- References -- 2.Assembly, Packaging, and Environmentally Induced Failures in MEMS -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.Particle Contamination -- 2.3.Thermomechanical Constraints -- 2.3.1.Thermomechanical Constraints in Die Attach -- 2.3.2.Thermomechanical Constraints in Package-Level Encapsulation -- 2.3.3.Thermomechanical Constraints in Wafer-Level Encapsulation -- 2.3.4.Thermomechanical Constraints in Flip-Chip Bonding -- 2.4.Moisture and Gas Absorption -- 2.4.1.Moisture Absorption -- 2.4.2.Barrier Coatings: A Protection Against Moisture Absorption -- 2.4.3.Outgassing -- 2.5.Conclusions: Reliability Demonstration and Accelerated Testing -- References -- 3.Packaging Requirements for Hermeticity -- 3.1.The Need for Hermeticity in MEMS and Microelectronics Packaging -- 3.2.Balancing Maximum Permissive Leak Rate and Packaging Costs: The Quasi-Hermetic Package -- References -- 4.The Different Types of Leaks in MEMS and Microelectronics Packaging -- 4.1.Introduction -- 4.2.Leak Channels or Capillary Leaks -- 4.3.Permeation -- 4.4.Outgassing -- 4.5.Conclusion -- References -- pt. 2 Traditional Hermeticity Test Techniques and Standards -- 5.Ex Situ Hermeticity Test Methods -- 5.1.Introduction -- 5.2.Fine Leak Tests -- 5.2.1.Helium Fine Leak Test -- 5.2.2.Radioisotope Leak Detection Method -- 5.3.Gross Leak Tests -- 5.3.1.Fluorocarbon Liquid and Vapor Gross Leak Detection -- 5.3.2.Gross Bubble Test -- 5.3.3.Weight Gain -- 5.3.4.Dye Penetrant Gross Leak Test -- 5.4.Combinational Tests -- 5.4.1.Optical Fine/Gross Leak Detection Method -- 5.4.2.Cumulative Helium Leak Detection (CHLD) Method -- References -- 6.The History of Hermeticity Standards MIL-STD-883 T.M. 1014 and MIL-STD-750 T.M. 1071 -- 6.1.Introduction: The First Hermeticity Tests -- 6.2.The Introduction of the Military Standards -- 6.3.The First Problems with Traditional Hermeticity Tests and Standards -- 6.4.Military Standard Revisions -- 6.5.Summary -- References -- pt. 3 Limitations of Existing Hermeticity Test Methods in Low Volume Packages -- 7.Permeation -- 7.1.Introduction -- 7.2.Mathematics of Permeation -- 7.3.Limitations of the Packaging Material -- 7.4.Conclusions -- References -- 8.Outgassing and Residual Gas Analysis (RGA) -- 8.1.Outgassing -- 8.2.Residual Gas Analysis -- References -- 9.Low-Cavity Volume Capillary Leak Limitations -- 9.1.Limitations of the Helium Fine Leak Test Method -- 9.1.1.Volume Limitations -- 9.1.2.Minimum Detectable Leak Rate -- References -- pt. 4 Novel Methods of Leak Detection -- 10.Q-Factor Monitoring of Resonant Microstructures as a Hermeticity Measurement Method -- 10.1.Introduction -- 10.2.Lumped Element Modeling of a Microresonator -- 10.3.Definitions and Measurement Methods of the Quality Factor Q -- 10.3.1.Definition in Terms of Stored Energy -- 10.3.2.Definition in Terms of Bandwidth -- 10.3.3.Determination of the Q-Factor by Amplitude-Frequency Measurement -- 10.3.4.Determination of the Q-Factor by Phase Measurement -- 10.4.Relation Between Pressure and Q-Factor -- References -- 11.In Situ Test Methods in Development -- 11.1.Introduction -- 11.2.Copper Test Structures -- 11.3.Micro-Pirani Gauge -- References -- 12.Ex Situ Hermeticity Test Methods in Development -- 12.1.Introduction -- 12.2.FTIR Spectroscopy -- 12.2.1.Application to Hermeticity -- 12.2.2.Theoretical Limitations -- 12.2.3.Practical Considerations -- 12.2.4.Summary -- 12.3.Raman Spectroscopy -- 12.3.1.Application to the Hermeticity Test -- 12.3.2.Theoretical Limitations -- 12.3.3.Practical Considerations -- 12.3.4.Summary -- References -- pt. 5 Conclusions and Vision -- 13.Summary of Hermeticity Test Methods -- 14.The Way Forward -- 14.1.Introduction -- 14.2.Improvement on Existing Techniques -- 14.3.New Hermetic Materials and Hermeticity Test Methods -- 14.4.Conclusions -- References.…”
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Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants

Table of Contents: “…Chandler) -- 5 Structure, Function and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin (Kazuo Inaba) -- 6 Cl- Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology (Alberto Darszon) -- 7 Equatorin-related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice (Kiyotaka Toshimori) -- 8 Acrosome Reaction-mediated Motility Initiation that is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians (Akihiko Watanabe) -- 9 Analysis of the Mechanism that Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme (Miho Miyakawa) -- Part 2 Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution -- 10 Effect of Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries (Masatoshi Mita) -- 11 Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) in Ca2+-free Seawater-treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells (Masatoshi Mita) -- 12 Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Hitoshi Sawada) -- 13 Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs (Luigia Santella) -- 14 Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis (Ken-ichi Sato) -- 15 Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates (Yasuhiro Iwao ) -- 16 ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocyte (Takashi Ijiri) -- 17 Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs (Tatsuma Mohri) -- 18 Functional Roles of Spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans (Hitoshi Nishimura) -- 19 Origin of Female/Male Gender as Deduced by the Mating Type Loci of the Colonial Volvocalean Greens (Hisayoshi Nozaki) -- Part 3 Allorecognition in Male–Female Interaction -- 20 Allorecognition and Lysin Systems During Ascidian Fertilization (Hitoshi Sawada) -- 21 Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae (Megumi Iwano) -- 22 Signalling Events in Pollen Acceptance or Rejection in the Arabidopsis Species (Daphne R. …”
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Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants

Table of Contents: “…Chandler) -- 5 Structure, Function and Phylogenetic Consideration of Calaxin (Kazuo Inaba) -- 6 Cl- Channels and Transporters in Sperm Physiology (Alberto Darszon) -- 7 Equatorin-related Subcellular and Molecular Events During Sperm Priming for Fertilization in Mice (Kiyotaka Toshimori) -- 8 Acrosome Reaction-mediated Motility Initiation that is Critical for the Internal Fertilization of Urodele Amphibians (Akihiko Watanabe) -- 9 Analysis of the Mechanism that Brings Protein Disulfide Isomerase-P5 to Inhibit Oxidative Refolding of Lysozyme (Miho Miyakawa) -- Part 2 Gametogenesis, Gamete Recognition, Activation, and Evolution -- 10 Effect of Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) on Gamete Shedding and 1-Methyladenine Production in Starfish Ovaries (Masatoshi Mita) -- 11 Incapacity of 1-Methyladenine Production to Relaxin-like Gonad-Stimulating Substance (GSS) in Ca2+-free Seawater-treated Starfish Ovarian Follicle Cells (Masatoshi Mita) -- 12 Novel Isoform of Vitellogenin Expressed in Eggs is a Binding Partner of the Sperm Proteases, HrProacrosin and HrSermosin, in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Hitoshi Sawada) -- 13 Actin Cytoskeleton and Fertilization in Starfish Eggs (Luigia Santella) -- 14 Focused Proteomics on Egg Membrane Microdomains to Elucidate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Fertilization in the African Clawed Frog Xenopus laevis (Ken-ichi Sato) -- 15 Egg Activation in Polyspermy: Its Molecular Mechanisms and Evolution in Vertebrates (Yasuhiro Iwao ) -- 16 ATP Imaging in Xenopus laevis Oocyte (Takashi Ijiri) -- 17 Mitochondrial Activation and Nitric Oxide (NO) Release at Fertilization in Echinoderm Eggs (Tatsuma Mohri) -- 18 Functional Roles of Spe Genes in the Male Germline During Reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans (Hitoshi Nishimura) -- 19 Origin of Female/Male Gender as Deduced by the Mating Type Loci of the Colonial Volvocalean Greens (Hisayoshi Nozaki) -- Part 3 Allorecognition in Male–Female Interaction -- 20 Allorecognition and Lysin Systems During Ascidian Fertilization (Hitoshi Sawada) -- 21 Self-incompatibility in the Brassicaceae (Megumi Iwano) -- 22 Signalling Events in Pollen Acceptance or Rejection in the Arabidopsis Species (Daphne R. …”
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Political economies of the Aegean Bronze Age papers from the Langford Conference, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 22-24 February 2007 /

Table of Contents: “…Pullen -- Beyond the peer: social interaction and political evolution in the Bronze age Aegean / William A. Parkinson -- Spirit of place: Minoan houses as major actors / Jan Driessen -- Making elites: political economy and elite culture(s) in middle Minoan Crete / Ilse Schoep -- From the kinship economy to the palatial economy: the Argolid in the second millennium BC / Sofia Voutsaki -- Political economies in ritual: a comparative study of the rise of the state in pre- and protopalatial Knossos and Phaistos / Joanne M.A. …”
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Political economies of the Aegean Bronze Age papers from the Langford Conference, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 22-24 February 2007 /

Table of Contents: “…Pullen -- Beyond the peer: social interaction and political evolution in the Bronze age Aegean / William A. Parkinson -- Spirit of place: Minoan houses as major actors / Jan Driessen -- Making elites: political economy and elite culture(s) in middle Minoan Crete / Ilse Schoep -- From the kinship economy to the palatial economy: the Argolid in the second millennium BC / Sofia Voutsaki -- Political economies in ritual: a comparative study of the rise of the state in pre- and protopalatial Knossos and Phaistos / Joanne M.A. …”
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Castles, battles, & bombs how economics explains military history / by Brauer, Jurgen, 1957-

Table of Contents: “…Preface -- Economics -- Economics -- Principle I: Opportunity cost -- Principle II: Expected marginal costs and benefits -- Principle III: Substitution -- Principle IV: Diminishing marginal returns -- Principle V: asymmetric information and hidden characteristics -- Principle VI: Hidden actions and incentive alignments -- Conclusion: economics--and military history -- The high Middle Ages, 1000-1300: The case of the medieval castle and the opportunity cost of warfare -- Opportunity cost and warfare -- The ubiquity of castles -- The cost of castling -- The advantages of castles -- The cost of armies -- Castle building and the other principles of economics -- Conclusion -- The Renaissance, 1300-1600: the case of the condottieri and the military labor market -- The principal-agent problem -- Demand, supply, and recruitment -- Contracts and pay -- Control and contract evolution -- The development of permanent armies -- Condottieri and the other principles of economics -- Conclusion -- The age of battle, 1618-1815: the case of costs, benefits, and the decision to offer battle -- Expected marginal costs and benefits of battle -- The 1600s: Gustavus Adolphus and Raimondo de Montecuccoli -- The 1700s: Marlborough, de Saxe, and Frederick the Great -- Napoleonic warfare -- The age of battle and the other principles of economics -- Conclusion -- The age of revolution, 1789-1914: the case of the American Civil War and the economics of information asymmetry -- Information and warfare -- North, South, and the search for information -- Major Eastern campaigns through Gettysburg -- Grant in Virginia -- The American Civil War and the other principles of economics -- Conclusion -- The age of the world wars, 1914-1945: the case of diminishing marginal returns to the strategic bombing of Germany in World War II -- A strategic bombing production function -- Bombing German war production -- Bombing the supply chain and the civilian economy -- Bombing German morale -- Assessing the effect of strategic bombing -- Strategic bombing and the other principles of economics -- Conclusion -- The age of the Cold War, 1945-1991: the case of capital-labor substitution and France's Force de Frappe -- History of the Force de Frappe -- The force post-De Gaulle -- Justifying the force -- The force's effect on France's conventional arms -- Substituting nuclear for conventional forces -- The Force de Frappe and the other principles of economics -- Conclusion -- Economics and military history in the twenty-first century -- Economics of terrorism -- Economics of military manpower -- Economics of private military companies -- Economics, historiography, and military history -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Index.…”
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Extending the frontiers essays on the new transatlantic slave trade database /

Table of Contents: “…Map of the transatlantic slave trade, 1501-1867 -- A new assessment of the transatlantic slave trade / David Eltis and David Richardson -- Origins and destinations -- The foundations of the system: a reassessment of the slave trade to the Spanish Americas in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / António de Almeida Mendes -- The slave trade to Pernambuco, 1561-1851 / Daniel Barros Domingues da Silva and David Eltis -- The transatlantic slave trade to Bahia, 1582-1851 / Alexandre Vieira Ribeiro -- The origins of slaves leaving the Upper Guinea coast in the nineteenth century / Philip Misevich -- The African origins of slaves arriving in Cuba, 1789-1865 / Oscar Grandío Moráguez -- National slave trades -- The significance of the French slave trade to the evolution of the French Atlantic world before 1716 / James Pritchard, David Eltis, and David Richardson -- The Dutch in the Atlantic world: new perspectives from the slave trade with particular reference to the African origins of the traffic / Jelmer Vos, David Eltis, and David Richardson -- The slave trade of northern Germany from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries / Andrea Weindl -- Some wider consequences and implications of the new data -- The slave trade, colonial markets, and slave families in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ca. 1790-ca. 1830 / Manolo Florentino -- The suppression of the slave trade and slave departures from Angola, 1830s-1860s / Roquinaldo Ferreira -- The demographic decline of Caribbean slave populations: new evidence from the transatlantic and intra-American slave trades / David Eltis and Paul Lachance.…”
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Physiology and biochemistry of extremophiles

Table of Contents: “…Marion and Dirk Schulze-Makuch -- Extremophiles, a unique resource of biocatalysts for industrial biotechnology / Garabed Antranikian and Ksenia Egorova -- Lessons from extremophiles: early evolution and border conditions of life / Ying Xu and Nicolas Glansdorff.…”
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Gameplay mode war, simulation, and technoculture / by Crogan, Patrick

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The struggle for equality essays on sectional conflict, the Civil War, and the long reconstruction /

Table of Contents: “…Flipper, USMA 1877 / Tom Carhart -- For god and lodge : black fraternal orders and the evolution of African American religion in the postbellum South / John M. …”
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Biomedical materials and diagnostic devices

Table of Contents: “….] -- Intelligent drug delivery systems for cancer therapy / Mousa Jafari ... [et al.] -- The evolution of abdominal wall reconstruction and the role of nonobiotecnology in the development of intelligent abdominal wall mesh / Cherif Boutros, Hany F. …”
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Water law and cooperation in the Euphrates-Tigris region : a comparative and interdisciplinary approach /

Table of Contents: “…Johannes Cullmann -- Water law in Iraq : the present model for water resources protection / Yadgar Kamal Ahmmad -- Water management laws in the Syrian Arab Republic / Rana Kharouf-Gaudig -- Legal context in water management policy in Turkey : evolution of a complex framework in three stages / Vakur Sumer -- EU water law and its relevance for the Euphrates and Tigris region / Ulrich Beyerlin -- Procedural system of transboundary water cooperation in the Aral Sea basin / Dinara Ziganshina -- The Jordan River : legal and institutional aspects / Marwan Haddad -- The Amazon River Basin : features, history and legal framework / Lilian del Castillo-Laborde -- International cooperation to protect the Rhine River : lessons to be learned for the Euphrates and Tigris region? …”
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Mediating culture in the seventeenth-century German novel : Eberhard Werner Happel, 1647-1690 / by Scholz Williams, Gerhild, 1942-

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Extending the frontiers essays on the new transatlantic slave trade database /

Table of Contents: “…Map of the transatlantic slave trade, 1501-1867 -- A new assessment of the transatlantic slave trade / David Eltis and David Richardson -- Origins and destinations -- The foundations of the system: a reassessment of the slave trade to the Spanish Americas in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / António de Almeida Mendes -- The slave trade to Pernambuco, 1561-1851 / Daniel Barros Domingues da Silva and David Eltis -- The transatlantic slave trade to Bahia, 1582-1851 / Alexandre Vieira Ribeiro -- The origins of slaves leaving the Upper Guinea coast in the nineteenth century / Philip Misevich -- The African origins of slaves arriving in Cuba, 1789-1865 / Oscar Grandío Moráguez -- National slave trades -- The significance of the French slave trade to the evolution of the French Atlantic world before 1716 / James Pritchard, David Eltis, and David Richardson -- The Dutch in the Atlantic world: new perspectives from the slave trade with particular reference to the African origins of the traffic / Jelmer Vos, David Eltis, and David Richardson -- The slave trade of northern Germany from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries / Andrea Weindl -- Some wider consequences and implications of the new data -- The slave trade, colonial markets, and slave families in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ca. 1790-ca. 1830 / Manolo Florentino -- The suppression of the slave trade and slave departures from Angola, 1830s-1860s / Roquinaldo Ferreira -- The demographic decline of Caribbean slave populations: new evidence from the transatlantic and intra-American slave trades / David Eltis and Paul Lachance.…”
An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view

Physiology and biochemistry of extremophiles

Table of Contents: “…Marion and Dirk Schulze-Makuch -- Extremophiles, a unique resource of biocatalysts for industrial biotechnology / Garabed Antranikian and Ksenia Egorova -- Lessons from extremophiles: early evolution and border conditions of life / Ying Xu and Nicolas Glansdorff.…”
An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view

Gameplay mode war, simulation, and technoculture / by Crogan, Patrick

An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view

The struggle for equality essays on sectional conflict, the Civil War, and the long reconstruction /

Table of Contents: “…Flipper, USMA 1877 / Tom Carhart -- For god and lodge : black fraternal orders and the evolution of African American religion in the postbellum South / John M. …”
An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view

Biomedical materials and diagnostic devices

Table of Contents: “….] -- Intelligent drug delivery systems for cancer therapy / Mousa Jafari ... [et al.] -- The evolution of abdominal wall reconstruction and the role of nonobiotecnology in the development of intelligent abdominal wall mesh / Cherif Boutros, Hany F. …”
An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view

Water law and cooperation in the Euphrates-Tigris region : a comparative and interdisciplinary approach /

Table of Contents: “…Johannes Cullmann -- Water law in Iraq : the present model for water resources protection / Yadgar Kamal Ahmmad -- Water management laws in the Syrian Arab Republic / Rana Kharouf-Gaudig -- Legal context in water management policy in Turkey : evolution of a complex framework in three stages / Vakur Sumer -- EU water law and its relevance for the Euphrates and Tigris region / Ulrich Beyerlin -- Procedural system of transboundary water cooperation in the Aral Sea basin / Dinara Ziganshina -- The Jordan River : legal and institutional aspects / Marwan Haddad -- The Amazon River Basin : features, history and legal framework / Lilian del Castillo-Laborde -- International cooperation to protect the Rhine River : lessons to be learned for the Euphrates and Tigris region? …”
An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view