Search Results - "DNA"

DNA methylation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Roles of DNA methylation -- Evolution of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases -- Mechanism of action of DNA methyltransferases -- Specific loci targeting -- Histone modification -- Small interfering RNA.…”
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Series (Eukaryotic gene regulation)
Series (Epigenetics, chromatin, transcription and cancer)

DNA methylation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA methylation as an epigenetic mark -- location and patterns of methylated and nonmethylated CpG sites in the vertebrate genome -- factors determining DNA methylation patterns -- association of DNA methylation with stable gene silencing, e.g. methylation of CpG islands on the inactive X-chromosome, ensures long term repression of associated genes -- recruitment of corepressors that impose a silent chromatin structure -- repulsion of transcriptional activators by methyl-CpG leading to gene silencing -- the link between human disorders, including cancer, Rett Syndrome and ICF syndrome, and defects in the DNA methylation system.…”
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Oxidatively generated damage to DNA mechanistic aspects and formation in cells /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Oxidative stress and cellular oxidants -- Nucleobase degradation pathways induced by hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and one-electron oxidants -- Oxidatively generated damage to cellular DNA: single and tandem lesions -- Epigenetic marks: enzymatic oxidation of 5-methycytosine -- Measurement of oxidized bases: chromatographic and enzymatic assays -- Base oxidation products formed in cellular DNA upon exposure to ionizing radiations and UVA component of solar light.…”
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DNA methylation during development

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Methylation of CpG islands in the genome -- Un-methylated/methylated genes -- DNA methylation and gene relationship -- Methylation of transcription start sites -- Methylation motifs -- What determines methylation state? …”
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DNA methylation and stem cells

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Stem cells -- Pluripotent stem cells are extremely valuable for disease modeling and regenerative biology -- DNA methylation -- Stable epigenetic modification.…”
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DNA methylation as a tumor marker implications for diagnosis, early detection and risk assessment /

Subjects: “…DNA Methylation. 109174…”
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Epigenetics a historical overview / by Holliday, Robin, 1932-

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Introduction to epigenetics -- the leading pioneers in the field of epigenetics -- the basic features of development -- switching and heritability of gene activities -- DNA methylation -- epimutations -- differences between genetics and epigenetics -- genomic imprinting -- chromatin structure -- histone modifications -- the role of RNA in the epigenetic regulation of gene activity -- the bisulfite sequencing technique -- the epigenotype.…”
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DNA methylation and genome defense in Neurospora crassa

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Control of DNA methylation -- repeat-induced point (RIP) mutation -- relationship of chromatin modifications and DNA methylation -- mutants that eliminate DNA methylation -- roles of histone H3 methyltransferase (DIM-5) and heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) in DNA methylation -- indications of involvement of protein acetylation, methylation and phosphorylation in mechanism of DNA methylation -- propagation of DNA methylation and the associated silenced chromatin state.…”
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Epigenomics of complex disease

Subjects: “…DNA Methylation. 109187…”
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Polycomb epigenetic mechanisms Part 2 of 2, methylation of DNA /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: PRC2 has an untargeted global function -- Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) profiles -- H3K27 methylation -- The CBP/p300 acetylase complex -- The TRR complex (MLL3,4 in mammals) -- The DNA accessibility model -- How do PcG complexes repress? …”
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Epigenetic biomarkers in cancer

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Epigenetics -- levels of control -- The patient cancer journey-multiple impact points -- Key translational areas for epigenetics -- DNA methylation as cancer biomarker -- DNA methylation analysis methods -- Epigenetic gene silencing in malignant cells -- CpG methylation and clinical outcome -- Causes of aberrant DNA methylation in cancer -- Stem cell targets -- EZH2 as a potential anti-cancer target -- Epigenetic modification as drug targets -- Epigenetic therapies -- DNA methylation versus platinum resistance -- Phase II trial of Decitabine & Carboplatin -- Effects of low doses of DNA-demethylation agents -- Epigenetic therapies challenges.…”
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Nuclear organization and gene expression

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Series (Epigenetics)
Series (From DNA to proteins)

Role of polycomb proteins in gene transcription, stem cell and human diseases

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Epigenetics in age-related macular degeneration

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Introduction to epigenetics

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Definition of epigenetics -- Three mechanisms; DNA methylation, histone modification, ncRNA -- Hypo and hyper DNA methylation and association with transcriptional state -- Mechanism of DNA methylation and enzymes responsible -- Examples of importance of DNA methytransferase enzymes -- Main types of histone modifications, concentrating on acetylation and methylation -- Mechanisms and enzymes for histone modifications -- Example of gene regulation by acetylation/deacetylation in Arabidopsis -- Non-coding RNA, using X-inactivation as an example -- The histone code.…”
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Epigenetics and inheritance

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Histone dynamics, heritability and variants

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA is organized into chromatin which promotes compaction and brings about additional information -- The histone code hypothesis -- Chromatin dynamics and heritability -- Factors involved in chromatin dynamics -- Nucleosomes disruption and assembly following DNA replication fork passage -- General steps in chromatin assembly -- Histone chaperones and their possible roles (CAF-1, HIRA, ...) -- Histone H3 variants and chromatin assembly coupled or not with DNA synthesis -- Specific histone deposition pathways for each variant? …”
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Series (Epigenetics : concepts, theories, paradigms and mechanisms)
Series (Eukaryotic gene regulation)
Series (Epigenetics, chromatin, transcription and cancer)

Skin epigenetics how chromatin regulators orchestrate skin functions /

Table of Contents: “…-- Genes encoding keratinocyte-specific proteins -- Molecular signature of epidermal layers -- Levels of epigenetic regulation -- DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation -- DNA methylation influence on the epidermis -- Post-translational histone/covalent modifications -- Histone acetylation/de-acetylation -- Polycomb-repressive complex -- Polycomb and Trithorax play antagonistic roles -- ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling -- Non-coding RNA-dependent mechanisms -- Nucleus: storage, replication of genetic material -- Topological gene interactomes -- Morphogenesis of the epidermis -- Epidermal differentiation complex -- EDC and Lor relocation to nuclear interior -- p63 and Brg1 ablation results in retention of EDC -- Genome organizer AT-rich binding Satb1 protein -- Transcription factor and epigenetic mechanisms -- Future directions of epigenetic research.…”
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Epigenetically mediated gene silencing a companion to genetic alterations in driving tumorigenesis /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Introduction to epigenetic changes in cancer -- defining the process of promoter DNA hypermethylation as a constituent of a broad range of chromatin abnormalities in cancer -- defining the genes aberrantly silenced in cancer including approaches being used to screen the cancer genome for such genes -- defining what is known about the interaction of DNA methylation and chromatin modifications for initiating and maintaining gene silencing in cancer -- outlining the position of aberrant gene silencing in tumor progression and particularly highlighting the key role these changes may play for the earliest steps in tumorigenesis -- defining the potential for using DNA hypermethylated gene promoter sequences as molecular markers for cancer risk assessment, early diagnosis and prognosis -- discussing the possibilities for targeting reversal of gene silencing as a prevention and therapeutic strategy for cancer.…”
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RNAi and heterochromatin in plants and fission yeast

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Heterochromatin is composed of transposable elements (TEs) and related repeats -- heterochromatic gene silencing and TE-mediated silencing are related and may be important in large genomes -- tiling microarrays can be used to examine heterochromatic transcripts as well as DNA and histone modification -- small interfering RNA (siRNA) corresponds to transposons and repeats -- in plants TE siRNA depend on DNA methyltransferase MET1 and the SWI/SNF ATPase DDM1 which silence TEs via DNA and histone H3 lysine-9 (H3K9) methylation -- in fission yeast and plants centromeric repeats are transcribed on one strand but rapidly turned over by RNA interference (RNAi) -- RNAi of centromeric transcripts is required for transcriptional silencing of reporter genes -- RNA polymerase II, the Argonaute (RITS) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RDRC) complexes are associated with heterochromatin and required for silencing -- H3K9me2 depends on RNAi and on the Rik1-Clr4 complex -- Clr4 is the histone H3K9 dimethyltransferase -- Rik1 resembles both DNA and RNA binding proteins and is required for RNAi along with Clr4 -- LTR retrotransposon silencing depends on histone deacetylation and silences pericentromeric repeats in Arabidopsis in addition to RNAi.…”
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Series (Epigenetics)
Series (RNA interference)