Search Results - "DNA"

DNA methylation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Roles of DNA methylation -- Evolution of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases -- Mechanism of action of DNA methyltransferases -- Specific loci targeting -- Histone modification -- Small interfering RNA.…”
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Series (Eukaryotic gene regulation)
Series (Epigenetics, chromatin, transcription and cancer)

DNA methylation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA methylation as an epigenetic mark -- location and patterns of methylated and nonmethylated CpG sites in the vertebrate genome -- factors determining DNA methylation patterns -- association of DNA methylation with stable gene silencing, e.g. methylation of CpG islands on the inactive X-chromosome, ensures long term repression of associated genes -- recruitment of corepressors that impose a silent chromatin structure -- repulsion of transcriptional activators by methyl-CpG leading to gene silencing -- the link between human disorders, including cancer, Rett Syndrome and ICF syndrome, and defects in the DNA methylation system.…”
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DNA replication

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Chemical composition of DNA -- Chargaff's rule -- DNA structure -- Base pairing -- Semiconservative DNA replication -- Mechanism of DNA replication -- Semi-discontinuous DNA replication -- DNA replication is catalyzed by the cooperative action of a number of proteins: what we know -- DNA polymerase structure -- Structure of phage T7 DNA polymerase -- Chemical reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerases -- Metal ions play an essential role in DNA synthesis -- DNA synthesis has to be efficient and accurate -- Rates of correct and incorrect nucleotide addition -- How are errors corrected? …”
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From DNA to proteins the multiple levels of regulation /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: General ideas behind DNA association with: histones, replication, transcription, splicing, RNA modifications, protein synthesis and death and global gene expression analysis.…”
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Complex DNA viruses herpes virus /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Introduction to human herpes viruses -- Common characteristics -- Herpes virus replication -- Attachment/penetration -- Gene expression/cascade regulation -- DNA synthesis -- Assembly and packaging -- Viral budding -- Evasion of the immune response -- Herpes virus pathogenesis -- Cytopathic effect -- HSV and VZV diagnosis, treatment and control.…”
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Oxidative DNA damage mechanisms, repair and disease /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Formation of reactive oxygen species -- Oxidative damage to DNA bases by free radicals -- Techniques used for the measurement of DNA damage and repair -- Biological responses to genomic DNA damage -- Mechanisms of base-excision repair -- Determination of substrate specificities of DNA glycosylases in-vitro and in-vivo -- Mouse and human NEIL1 proteins -- Cockayne syndrome -- CSB protein.…”
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Initiation of DNA replication

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Cell cycle control of DNA replication -- Yeast as a model eukaryote -- Control of S-phase entry in yeast -- Characterization of origins of DNA replication -- Modular structure of S. cerevisiae origins -- The budding yeast origin recognition complex (ORC) -- Structure of the ORC-Cdc6 complex -- Evolutionary comparison of ORC AAA+ subunits -- Proteins required for formation of the pre-Replication Complex (pre-RC) -- Cell cycle dependent association of yeast initiation proteins with chromatin -- ATP-dependent assembly of a pre-RC -- Cell cycle regulation of the pre-RC -- The chromosome cycle and establishment of pre-RCs -- Dynamic assembly and stability of ORC in human cells -- Commitment to S-phase and initiation -- Cdc45p is associated with chromatin in a cell cycle-dependent manner -- Temporal regulation of DNA replication -- Dynamics of pre-RC proteins in human cells differ from pre-RC proteins in yeast.…”
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The DNA damage response

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Genomic instability in cancer -- DNA structure checkpoint -- ATM, ATR and related proteins -- Xenopus laevis egg extract as a model system -- Sensing the DNA break -- Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 complex -- Sensing DNA double strand breaks: current model -- ATM activation by ssDNA molecules -- ssDNA oligo generation is MRN dependent -- ATM, ATR and Mre11 complex deficiency in vertebrates -- DNA structure checkpoint and mitotic catastrophe in vertebrates -- ATM/ATR targets in mitosis after DNA damage -- Centrosome as a target of DNA damage response.…”
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DNA methylation in cancer

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA methylation in cancer -- Overview of DNA methylation in human cells -- Relationshoip of DNA methylation and chromatin structure -- Contribution of hypo/hypermethylation to tumorigenesis -- Mechanisms underlying altered DNA methylation patterns in cancer -- miRNAs as effectors and targets of aberrant DNA methylation in cancer -- Cancer methylation biomarkers -- Reversing DNA methylation in cancer therapy.…”
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The biochemistry of DNA and RNA part 1, chemistry /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: The structure of DNA -- Types of binding between molecules -- Van der Waals non-covalent bonds -- Hydrogen bonds -- Amino acid side chain hydrogen bonding -- Salt bridges -- Zinc fingers.…”
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The biochemistry of DNA and RNA part 2, biological function /

Subjects: “…DNA. 92065…”
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Proteins that bind methylated DNA

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Introductory notions: distribution, abundance, and consequences of DNA methylation -- The methyl-binding proteins: who they are, how they were found -- What do the methyl-binding proteins do? …”
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The role of phosphorylation in mediating cellular responses to DNA damage the ATM-mediated DNA damage response /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Endogenous DNA damage in mammalian cells -- DSB repair pathways -- Cellular responses to DNA damage -- Genomic instability syndromes -- Ataxia-telangiectasia -- The ATM protein -- ATM-mediated DNA damage responses -- A SPIKE map -- Defective repair of DNA double strand breaks -- Allowing repair to happen within chromatin -- DNA damage response and the ubiquitin family -- Players in ubiquitin-related processes -- Phosphoproteome dynamics after DNA damage -- Functional networks of phosphorylated proteins -- Overlap between Ub, ATM and phosporylation -- Functional screens for novel DDR players.…”
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Mitochondrial DNA replication and transcription

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Introduction to the mitochondrial genetic system -- Features of mammalian mitochondrial DNA -- Characteristics of mitochondrial genetics -- Mitochondrial DNA replication: strand-displacement and strand-coupled models -- Proteins involved in mitochondrial DNA replication -- Mitochondrial DNA transcription -- Isolation and mapping of mitochondrial RNA -- Model of transcription and RNA processing -- Regulation of mtDNA expression by thyroid hormones -- Regulation of the mammalian mtDNA expression by mTERF phosphorylation.…”
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Drug-DNA interactions of the mitomycins

Table of Contents: “…Contents: The mitomycins: structures, properties, early research of the molecular basis of biological activity -- Reductive activation -- Chemistry of the interactions with DNA: DNA adducts, cross-linking of DNA -- Molecular recognition of DNA -- Metabolic chemistry -- Structure/activity relationships of the DNA adducts.…”
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Oxidatively generated damage to DNA mechanistic aspects and formation in cells /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Oxidative stress and cellular oxidants -- Nucleobase degradation pathways induced by hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen and one-electron oxidants -- Oxidatively generated damage to cellular DNA: single and tandem lesions -- Epigenetic marks: enzymatic oxidation of 5-methycytosine -- Measurement of oxidized bases: chromatographic and enzymatic assays -- Base oxidation products formed in cellular DNA upon exposure to ionizing radiations and UVA component of solar light.…”
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Insertion sequences & DNA transposition

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Insertions sequences -- A major form of mobile genetic elements in eubacteria and archaebacteria -- Insertion sequences move via DNA transposition -- Insertion sequences cause genome changes (insertions, deletions, inversions and chromosome fusions) and facilitate the horizontal transfer of genes -- Related processes include integration of HIV-1 DNA.…”
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DNA processing in conjugative transfer

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Conjugative plasmids -- Original observation of conjugative transfer -- Description of transfer -- DNA specificity in conjugative transfer -- F transfer as an example -- Roles of F proteins in transfer -- Context dependence of F TraI recognition as regulation.…”
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DNA methylation, inflammation and cancer

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA methylation in cancer in general -- Lung cancer -- Intestinal cancer -- Inflammation -- Method for genome-wide DNA methylation profiling -- Association of the Polycomb complex with DNA methylation in inflammation and cancer.…”
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Reversing DNA methylation pharmacologically

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA Methylation as a target for disease therapy -- Azacitidine and Decitabine are "mechanistic" inhibitors of DNA methylation -- Clinical experience with DNA methylation inhibitors -- Translational science of biomarkers for DNA methylation inhibitor therapy -- Next generation drugs to inhibit DNA methylation.…”
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