Search Results - Generals

The SAGE handbook of leadership /

Table of Contents: “…A history of leadership -- Research methods in the study of leadership -- The enduring and elusive quest for a general theory of leadership: initial efforts and new horizons - Leadership development. …”

Peace through commerce responsible corporate citizenship and the ideals of the United Nations global compact /

Table of Contents: “….] -- Creating shared value : Nestlé S.A. in developing nations / Lisa Newton and John Bee -- IBM and corporate citizenship / Stanley Litow -- General Electric and corporate citizenship : improving the health of the poor in Africa / Marshall Greenhut with Bob Corcoran -- From being apart to being partners : the experience of Barloworld / Daniel Malan -- Occidental Petroleum, Cerrejón, and NGO partnerships in Colombia : lessons learned / Alexandra Guáqueta -- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company : secure the future / Thomas Costa -- Multinational enterprises : interacting with nongovernmental organizations / Lee Tavis -- Responsible corporate citizenship and the ideals of the United Nations Global Compact / Oliver F. …”
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The struggle for equality essays on sectional conflict, the Civil War, and the long reconstruction /

Table of Contents: “…Jordan -- Abolitionism as logical conclusion : General James S. Wadsworth as a case study in anti-Southern sentiment and the radicalizing experience of the Civil War / Judith A. …”
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Global and European trade union federations a handbook and analysis of transnational trade union organizations and policies / by Platzer, Hans-Wolfgang

Table of Contents: “…Section a political, historical and research context: aims and approach of the research -- Introduction -- Research strategy and conceptual framework -- Globalization and eu integration: the institutional and economic context and new trade union challenges -- Lineages of transnational trade union organization and policy -- Section b profiles and structural developments of transnational trade union federations -- International metalworkers federation (IMF) -- International federation of chemical, energy, mine and general workers' unions (ICEM) -- International transport workers' federation (ITF) -- Building and wood workers? …”
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Budgeting basics and beyond by Shim, Jae K.

Table of Contents: “…Machine generated contents note: About the Authors.Preface.Chapter 1: The What and Why of Budgeting: An Introduction.Chapter 2: Strategic Planning and Budgeting: Process, Preparation and Control.Chapter 3: Administering the Budget: Reports, Analyses, and Evaluations.Chapter 4: Break-even and Contribution Margin Analysis: Profit, Cost, and Volume Changes.Chapter 5: Profit Planning: Targeting and Reaching Achievable Goals.Chapter 6: Master Budget: Genesis of Financial Forecasting and Profit Planning.Chapter 7: Cost Behavior: Emphasis on Flexible Budgets.Chapter 8: Evaluating Performance: The Use of Variance Analysis.Chapter 9: Manufacturing Costs: Sales Forecasts and Realistic Budgets.Chapter 10: Marketing: Budgeting for Sales, Advertising, and Distribution.Chapter 11: Research and Development: Budgets for a Long-term Plan.Chapter 12: General and Administrative Costs: Budgets for Maximum Productivity.Chapter 13: Capital Expenditures: Assets to Be Bought, Sold, and Discarded.Chapter 14: Forecasting and Planning: Reducing Risk in Decision Making.Chapter 15: Moving Averages and Smoothing Techniques: Quantitative Forecasting.Chapter 16: Regression Analysis: Popular Sales Forecast System.Chapter 17: Cash Budgeting and Forecasting Cash Flow: Two Pragmatic Methods.Chapter 18: Financial Modeling: Tools for Budgeting and Profit Planning.Chapter 19: Using Software Packages and E-Budgeting: Computer-based Models, Spreadsheets, and Web-based System.Chapter 20: Capital Budgeting: Selecting the Optimum Long-term Investment and Real Options.Chapter 21: Budgeting for Cost Management: Activity-based Budgeting and Life-cycle Budgeting.Chapter 22: Zero-base Budgeting: Priority Budgeting for Best Resource Allocation.Chapter 23: Managers' Performance and Balanced Scorecard: Evaluation on the Division Level.Chapter 24: Budgeting for Service Organizations: Special Features.Chapter 25: Budgeting for Nonprofit Organizations: Diverse Types.Chapter 26: Using Management Games for Executive Training.Appendix I: Present and Future Value Tables.Appendix II: Statistical Table.Glossary of Budgeting and Planning Terms.Index.…”
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Facilitating trade through competitive, low-carbon transport : the case for Vietnam's inland and coastal waterways / by Blancas, Luis C.

Table of Contents: “…Context -- Objectives of the report -- Scope and methodology -- Key data sources -- Structure of the report -- Demand for waterborne and multimodal transport -- Size and historical growth patterns of IWT and coastal shipping -- Growth projections for IWT and coastal shipping -- Commodity tonnage and tonnage distribution by mode -- Inland and coastal shipping lengths of haul -- Main freight flows -- Regional routes and modal competition -- Primary intra- and interregional corridors -- Red River delta region -- Mekong delta -- Coastal shipping -- Corridor 1: Hanoi, Haiphong, Quang Ninh -- Corridor 2: Quang Ninh, Ninh Binh -- Corridor 3: Hanoi, Ninh Binh -- Corridor 1: HCMC northwest -- Corridor 3: HCMC southwest --Container transport in the Mekong delta -- IWT market structure -- Shipping companies -- Coastal shipping -- Shipping volumes -- Container flows -- Containerized cargo (domestic cargo) -- Ccontainerized cargo (feeder cargo) -- Sea-river transport -- Market structure for coastal shipping -- Vinalines -- Competitive position of IWT and coastal shipping -- Competitive position of IWT -- Competitive position of coastal shipping -- Supply chains and logistics costs in Vietnam -- Conclusions on demand -- Supply-side considerations: waterways, ports, and fleet -- Institutional framework for the waterway and port sectors -- Waterway infrastructure -- Northern waterways -- Southern waterways -- Central region waterways -- Technical classification of the waterways -- Planned investments in waterways -- The IWT master plan for 2020 -- Major channel projects -- Ports -- River ports -- Planned investments in river ports -- Seaports -- Fleet -- Fleet of river-going vessels -- Fleet of sea-going vessels -- Fleet of sea-river vessels -- Modernization of IWT fleet -- Conclusions on waterways, ports, and fleet -- Modal differences in fuel efficiency and GHG emissions -- Relative carbon intensity among transport modes -- Main challenges and recommendations -- Planning -- Institutional/regulatory environment -- Phsical bottlenecks -- Lack of IWT hinders market development -- Financing -- Strategy and action plan -- Estimated impact of public sector interventions in IWT and coastal shipping -- Translating the IWT/coastal shipping strategy into tangible interventions -- Methodology: translating interventions into impacts -- Modal shift and emissions impact of the proposed interventions -- CBA results -- References -- Appendix A: list of stakeholders interviewed -- Appendix B: major waterway routes in the north and south -- Appendix C: general considerations on DWT capacity increases in the national IWT fleet -- Appendix D: cargo data and modal split model -- Cargo flows for northern provinces: road transport in tons per day -- Cargo flows for northern provinces: iwt in tons per day -- Cargo flows for southern provinces: road transport in tons per day -- Cargo flows for southern provinces: IWT in tons per day -- Appendix E: detailed description of proposed interventions -- Appendix F: detailed impacts of proposed interventions.…”
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Youth at risk in Latin America and the Caribbean understanding the causes, realizing the potential /

Table of Contents: “…-- Key messages -- Designing effective interventions -- Policy conclusions -- Introduction -- The motivation for the study -- Definitions, data, and methodologies -- The organization of the report -- Laying the groundwork -- Motivations for focusing on at-risk youth -- The youth cohort, particularly those considered at-risk, is growing -- The costs of not investing in at-risk youth is very high for young people, their families, and society -- A conceptual framework and its application for policymaking -- The conceptual framework and definitions -- Moving from the conceptual framework to policy -- Identifying at-risk youth for better programming and targeting -- A characterization of at-risk youth -- Using the risk typology for targeting prevention programs -- Using the risk typology for targeting for second chances -- Conclusions -- Informing policy by understanding of the trends and causes of risky behavior in LAC -- Understanding the nature and the magnitude of risky behavior -- Leaving school without learning -- Difficult integration into the labor market : joblessness and job turnover -- Risky sexual behavior -- Crime and violence -- Substance use -- Identifying the factors that put youth at risk -- Why do young people engage in risky behavior -- Key factors correlated with risky behaviors -- Cumulative effect of factors -- Conclusions -- Helping young people to make good choices : programming, policy, and implementation -- Principles for building an effective portfolio for youth at risk -- Investing in at-risk youth leads to lower demands on the public purse in the future -- Preventing risky behavior begins at birth -- At-risk youth need second chances -- Effective targeting is the key to results -- The most effective portfolio will prioritize policies and programs that affect multiple risks -- Include only effective policies in the portfolio -- Prioritizing what works -- Core policies : strategies that work and are recommended for implementation -- Nine promising approaches that ought to work and should be tried, accompanied by careful impact evaluation -- General policies with a surprisingly strong effect on youth at risk -- Moving from a wish list to action -- Improving the portfolio for at-risk youth in a budget-constrained environment : reallocate resources away from ineffective programs toward recommended programs -- Improving the portfolio for at-risk youth in a budget-constrained environment : collecting, analyzing, and using data -- Assign and coordinate institutional responsibilities based on comparative advantages -- Investing in youth in LAC : key messages and conclusions -- Key messages -- Defining an effective portfolio of policies and programs -- Moving forward -- Appendix A : Population in LAC by age and sex -- Appendix B : Methodology for estimating the cost of negative youth behavior -- Appendix C : Methodology for devising the typology of at-risk youth -- Appendix D : Measuring youth outcomes -- Appendix E : Estimated taxpayer costs and crime-reduction benefits of 16 crime prevention programs -- Appendix F : Sources of information for evaluated programs.…”
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Microfinance and public policy outreach, performance and efficiency /

Table of Contents: “…-- Conclusions -- Policy implications / Bernd Balkenhol -- Global donor support to microfinance -- Weight of subsidies in microfinance -- What prompts public policy support to MFIs? -- General effects of public policy on efficiency in microfinance at the sectoral level -- Support measures affecting the efficiency of individual MFIs -- The way forward: how to support the best of class and the others -- Annex I : GIAN survey -- Annex II. …”
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Africa's power infrastructure investment, integration, efficiency /

Table of Contents: “…Africa unplugged -- The region's underdeveloped energy resources -- The lag in installed generation capacity -- Stagnant and inequitable access to electricity services -- Unreliable electricity supply -- The prevalence of back-up generators -- Increasing use of leased emergency power -- A power crisis exacerbated by drought, conflict, and high oil prices -- High power costs that generally do not cover costs -- Deficient power infrastructure constrains social and economic development -- The promise of regional power trade -- Uneven distribution and poor economies of scale -- Despite power pools, low regional power trade -- The potential benefits of expanded regional power trading -- What regional patterns of trade would emerge? …”
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Recent social trends in Bulgaria, 1960-1995

Table of Contents: “…Machine generated contents note: 0.1 Demographic Trends 33 -- 0.2 Macro-economic Trends 42 -- 0.3 Macro-technological Trends 54 -- 1 Age Groups -- 1.1 Youth 62 -- 1.2 Elders 68 -- 2 Microsocial -- 2.1 Self-identification 72 -- 2.2 Kinship Networks 77 -- 2.3 Community and Neighbourhood Types 83 -- 2.4 Local Autonomy 91 -- 2.5 Voluntary Associations 99 -- 2.6 Sociability Networks 104 -- 3 Women -- 3.1 Female Roles 107 -- 3.2 Childbearing 112 -- 3.3 Matrimonial Models 116 -- 3.4 Women's Employment 122 -- 3.5 Reproductive Technologies 136 -- 4 Labour Market -- 4.1 Unemployment 138 -- 4.2 Skills and Occupational Levels 142 -- 4.3 Types of Employment 147 -- 4.4 Sectors of the Labour Force 153 -- 4.5 Computerization of Work 158 -- 5 Labour and Management -- 5.1 Work Organization 162 -- 5.2 Personnel Administration 166 -- 5.3 Sizes and Types of Enterprises 173 -- 6 Social Stratification -- 6.1 Occupational Status 180 -- 6.2 Social Mobility 192 -- 6.3 Economic Inequality 198 -- 6.4 Social Inequality 206 -- 7 Social Relations -- 7.1 Conflict 218 -- 7.2 Negotiation 224 -- 7.3 Norms of Conduct 230 -- 7.4 Authority 235 -- 7.5 Public Opinion 243 -- 8 State and Service Institutions -- 8.1 Educational System 247 -- 8.2 Health System 254 -- 8.3 Welfare System 259 -- 8.4 The State 265 -- 9 Mobilizing Institutions -- 9.1 Labour Unions 269 -- 9.2 Religious Institutions 276 -- 9.3 The Military 281 -- 9.4 Political Parties 289 -- 9.5 Mass Media 294 -- 10 Institutionalization of Social Forces -- 10.1 Dispute Settlement 302 -- 10.2 Institutionalization of Labour Unions 307 -- 10.3 Social Movements 311 -- 10.4 Interest Groups 317 -- 11 Ideologies and Beliefs -- 11.1 Political Differentiation 325 -- 11.2 Confidence in Institutions 331 -- 11.3 Economic Orientations 336 -- 11.4 Radicalism 341 -- 11.5 Religious Beliefs 347 -- 12 Household Resources -- 12.1 Personal and Family Income 353 -- 12.2 Informal Economy 359 -- 12.3 Personal and Family Wealth 362 -- 13 Life-Style -- 13.1 Market Goods and Services 367 -- 13.2 Mass Information 375 -- 13.3 Personal Health and Beauty Practices 382 -- 13.4 Time Use 386 -- 13.5 Daily Mobility 389 -- 13.6 Household Production 392 -- 13.7 Forms of Erotic Expression 395 -- 13.8 Mood-altering Substances 401 -- 14 Leisure -- 14.1 Amount and Use of Free Time 409 -- 14.2 Vacation Patterns 413 -- 14.3 Athletics and Sports 415 -- 14.4 Cultural Activities and Practices 418 -- 15 Educational Attainment -- 15.1 General Education 426 -- 15.2 Vocational and Professional Education 431 -- 15.3 Continuing Education 439 -- 16 Integration and Marginalization -- 16.1 Ethnic Minorities 440 -- 16.2 Crime and Punishment 448 -- 16.3 Emotional Disorders and Self-destructive Behaviour 459 -- 16.4 Poverty 465 -- 17 Attitudes and Values -- 17.1 Satisfaction 470 -- 17.2 Perceptions of Social Problems 476 -- 17.3 Orientations to the Future 479 -- 17.4 Values 483 -- 17.5 National Identity 489.…”
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Statistical disclosure control

Table of Contents: “…Machine generated contents note: Preface vii Acknowledgements ix 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Concepts and Definitions 2 1.1.1 Disclosure 2 1.1.2 Statistical disclosure control 2 1.1.3 Tabular data 3 1.1.4 Microdata 3 1.1.5 Risk and utility 4 1.2 An approach to Statistical Disclosure Control 6 1.3 The chapters of the handbook 8 2 Ethics, Principles, Guidelines and Regulations, a general background 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Ethical codes and the new ISI code 9 2.2.1 ISI Declaration on Professional Ethics 10 2.2.2 New ISI Declaration on Professional Ethics 10 2.2.3 European Statistics Code of Practice 14 2.3 UNECE Principles and guidelines 14 2.4 Laws 17 2.4.1 Committee on Statistical Confidentiality 18 2.4.2 European Statistical System Committee 18 3 Microdata 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 Microdata Concepts 22 3.2.1 Stage 1: Assess need for confidentiality protection 22 3.2.2 Stage 2: Key characteristics and uses of microdata 24 3.2.3 Stage 3: Disclosure risk 27 3.2.4 Stage 4: Protection methods 29 3.2.5 Stage 5: Implementation 30 3.3 Definitions of disclosure 32 3.3.1 Definitions of disclosure scenarios 33 3.4 Definitions of Disclosure Risk 34 3.4.1 Disclosure risk for categorical quasi-identifiers 35 3.4.2 Disclosure risk for continuous quasi-identifiers 37 3.5 Estimating Re-identification Risk 39 3.5.1 Individual risk based on the sample: threshold rule 39 3.5.2 Estimating individual risk using sampling weights 39 3.5.3 Estimating individual risk by Poisson model 42 3.5.4 Further models that borrow information from other sources 43 3.5.5 Estimating per record risk via heuristics 44 3.5.6 Assessing risk via record linkage 45 3.6 Non-Perturbative Microdata Masking 45 3.6.1 Sampling 46 3.6.2 Global recoding 46 3.6.3 Top and bottom coding 47 3.6.4 Local suppression 47 3.7 Perturbative Microdata Masking 48 3.7.1 Additive noise masking 48 3.7.2 Multiplicative noise masking 52 3.7.3 Microaggregation 54 3.7.4 Data swapping and rank swapping 66 3.7.5 Data shuffling 66 3.7.6 Rounding 67 3.7.7 Resampling 67 3.7.8 PRAM 67 3.7.9 MASSC 71 3.8 Synthetic and Hybrid Data 71 3.8.1 Fully synthetic data 72 3.8.2 Partially synthetic data 77 3.8.3 Hybrid data 79 3.8.4 Pros and cons of synthetic and hybrid data 88 3.9 Information Loss in Microdata 91 3.9.1 Information loss measures for continuous data 92 3.9.2 Information loss measures for categorical data 99 3.10 Release of multiple files from the same microdata set 101 3.11 Software 102 3.11.1 _-ARGUS 102 3.11.2 sdcMicro 103 3.11.3 IVEware 106 3.12 Case Studies 106 3.12.1 Microdata files at Statistics Netherlands 106 3.12.2 The European Labour Force Survey Microdata for Research Purposes 108 3.12.3 The European Structure of Earnings Survey Microdata for Research Purposes 111 3.12.4 NHIS Linked Mortality Data Public Use File, USA 117 3.12.5 Other real case instances 119 4 Magnitude tabular data 121 4.1 Introduction 121 4.1.1 Magnitude Tabular Data: Basic Terminology 121 4.1.2 Complex tabular data structures: hierarchical and linked tables 122 4.1.3 Risk Concepts 124 4.1.4 Protection Concepts 127 4.1.5 Information Loss Concepts 127 4.1.6 Implementation: Software, Guidelines and Case Study 127 4.2 Disclosure Risk Assessment I: Primary Sensitive Cells 128 4.2.1 Intruder Scenarios 128 4.2.2 Sensitivity rules 129 4.3 Disclosure Risk Assessment II: Secondary risk assessment 140 4.3.1 Feasibility Interval 141 4.3.2 Protection Level 142 4.3.3 Singleton and multi cell disclosure 143 4.3.4 Risk models for hierarchical and linked tables 144 4.4 Non-Perturbative Protection Methods 145 4.4.1 Global Recoding 145 4.4.2 The Concept of Cell Suppression 145 4.4.3 Algorithms for Secondary Cell Suppression 146 4.4.4 Secondary Cell Suppression in Hierarchical and Linked Tables 149 4.5 Perturbative Protection Methods 151 4.5.1 A pre-tabular method: Multiplicative Noise 152 4.5.2 A Post-tabular Method: Controlled Tabular Adjustment 153 4.6 Information Loss Measures for Tabular Data 153 4.6.1 Cell Costs for Cell Suppression 153 4.6.2 Cell Costs for CTA 154 4.6.3 Information Loss Measures to Evaluate the Outcome of Table Protection 155 4.7 Software for Tabular Data Protection 155 4.7.1 Empirical comparison of cell suppression algorithms 156 4.8 Guidelines: Setting up an efficient table model systematically 160 4.8.1 Defining Spanning Variables 161 4.8.2 Response Variables and Mapping Rules 162 4.9 Case Studies 164 4.9.1 Response Variables and Mapping Rules of the Case Study 164 4.9.2 Spanning Variables of the Case Study 165 4.9.3 Analysing the Tables of the Case Study 165 4.9.4 Software Issues of the Case Study 167 5 Frequency tables 169 5.1 Introduction 169 5.2 Disclosure risks 169 5.3 Methods 176 5.4 Post-tabular methods 178 5.4.1 Cell Suppression 178 5.4.2 ABS Cell Perturbation 179 5.4.3 Rounding 179 5.5 Information loss 184 5.6 Software 186 5.6.1 Introduction 186 5.7 Case Studies 188 5.7.1 UK Census 188 5.7.2 Australian and New Zealand Censuses 190 6 Data Access Issues 193 6.1 Introduction 193 6.2 Research Data Centres 193 6.3 Remote Execution 194 6.4 Remote Access 195 6.5 Licensing 196 6.6 Guidelines on output checking 196 6.6.1 Introduction 196 6.6.2 General approach 197 6.6.3 Rules for output checking 199 6.6.4 Organizational/procedural aspects of output checking 208 6.6.5 Researcher training 215 6.7 Additional issues concerning data access 218 6.7.1 Examples of disclaimers 218 6.7.2 Output description 218 6.8 Case Studies 219 6.8.1 The U.S. …”
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The encyclopedia of strikes in American history

Table of Contents: “…Letwin -- Musician strikes / Damone Richardson -- Striking the ivory tower: student employee strikes at private universities / Mandi Isaacs Jackson -- The Boston University strike of 1979 / Gary Zabel -- Strikes by professional athletes / Michael Schiavone -- Nurses on strike / Lisa Hayes -- Organizing home health care workers in New York City / Immanuel Ness -- Bibliography -- Name index -- General subject index.…”
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Extreme events robust portfolio construction in the presence of fat tails / by Kemp, Malcolm H. D.

Table of Contents: “…-- 5.3 Risk-return optimisation -- 5.4 More general features of mean-variance optimisation -- 5.5 Manager Selection -- 5.6 Dynamic optimisation -- 5.7 Portfolio construction in the presence of transaction costs -- 5.8 Risk budgeting -- 5.9 Backtesting portfolio construction techniques -- 5.10 Reverse optimisation and implied view analysis -- 5.11 Portfolio optimisation with options -- 5.12 The practitioner perspective -- 5.13 Implementation challenges -- 6. …”
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E-learning and the science of instruction proven guidelines for consumers and designers of multimedia learning / by Clark, Ruth Colvin

Table of Contents: “…What Is Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)?Some Generalizations About Collaboration.CSCL Research Summaries.Structured Controversy.CSCL: The Bottom Line.What We Don't Know About CSCL.14. …”
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Contemporary topics in social psychology.

The student sociologist's handbook / by Bart, Pauline

Sense and nonsense : a study in human communication. / by Fleishman, Alfred

Energy and the environment: selected readings. by Wolozin, Harold, 1920-

Social interaction and contemporary society / by Kapur, Tribhuwan

Meeting the water reform challenge.

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