Search Results - "histone"

Histone modification and transcriptional repression

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Mechanisms of transcriptional repression -- Corepressor proteins -- Histone modifications involved in repression -- Cancer.…”
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Epigenetic control by histone methylation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: The diversity of covalent histone tail modifications for imparting epigenetic information -- Observations of robust histone modifications at silent chromatin regions -- The representation of repressive histone marks as indications of epigenetic plasticity in different cells -- Analysis of the profiles of normal and aberrant histone lysine methylation patterns, as they occur during the transition of an embryonic to a differentiated cell or in controlled self-renewal vs. pro-neoplastic or metastatic conditions -- Elucidation of these histone modification patterns for novel advances in stem cell research, nuclear reprogramming and cancer.…”
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Histone dynamics, heritability and variants

Table of Contents: “…Contents: DNA is organized into chromatin which promotes compaction and brings about additional information -- The histone code hypothesis -- Chromatin dynamics and heritability -- Factors involved in chromatin dynamics -- Nucleosomes disruption and assembly following DNA replication fork passage -- General steps in chromatin assembly -- Histone chaperones and their possible roles (CAF-1, HIRA, ...) -- Histone H3 variants and chromatin assembly coupled or not with DNA synthesis -- Specific histone deposition pathways for each variant? …”
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Series (Epigenetics : concepts, theories, paradigms and mechanisms)
Series (Eukaryotic gene regulation)
Series (Epigenetics, chromatin, transcription and cancer)

Histone modifications and prospects for an epigenetic code

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Enzyme-catalyzed modification of the N-terminal tail domains of core histones provides an array of marks across the nucleosome surface and a source of epigenetic information -- This information influences protein-protein interactions during short-term regulation of ongoing transcription and is a means of maintaining or modifying patterns of gene expression from one cell generation to the next -- Cellular memory -- Histone modifications may constitute a heritable epigenetic code that acts in concert with the genetic code as a long-term regulator of gene expression.…”
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Mechanisms of transcription the eukaryotic pre-initiation complex /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Overview of RNA polymerase II transcription -- Core promoter elements -- Proximal promoters -- Enhancers and silencers -- General transcription factors -- Activators and repressors -- Coactivator complexes -- RNA polymerase II structure and function -- Mechanisms of transcription initiation -- Steroid hormone receptors -- Coactivator complexes, including mediator and TFIID -- Chromatin remodellers including SWI/SNF -- Covalent histone modifiers, including histone acetyltransferases, methyltransferases and deacetylases.…”
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Epigenetics as a paradigm for cancer treatment chemically targeting the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2 /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Cancer as an unmet medical need -- Epigenetics as a paradigm for treating cancer -- Histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2 as a target class example -- Development of EZH2 inhibitors.…”
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Introduction to epigenetics

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Definition of epigenetics -- Three mechanisms; DNA methylation, histone modification, ncRNA -- Hypo and hyper DNA methylation and association with transcriptional state -- Mechanism of DNA methylation and enzymes responsible -- Examples of importance of DNA methytransferase enzymes -- Main types of histone modifications, concentrating on acetylation and methylation -- Mechanisms and enzymes for histone modifications -- Example of gene regulation by acetylation/deacetylation in Arabidopsis -- Non-coding RNA, using X-inactivation as an example -- The histone code.…”
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Chromatin architecture and alterations in the control of gene regulation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: The chromatin environment -- Hierarchical organization of chromatin fibers within interphase chromosomes -- Milestone experiments that linked chromatin architecture and gene expression -- Proteins and processes that influence both chromatin fiber architecture and gene expression -- Core histone N-terminal tail domains -- Core histone sequence variants -- Linker histones -- Heterochromatin proteins -- Histone post-translational modifications -- The structurally dynamic nature of the genome in vivo and its relation to gene expression.…”
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Polycomb epigenetic mechanisms Part 2 of 2, methylation of DNA /

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Cancer-specific epigenetic alterations as investigated from a pharmaceutical perspective

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Stem cell memory

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Enhancer malfunction in cancer

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Virtual screening

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Three methods of virtual screening -- Considerations when using virtual screening -- Comparing virtual screening to high-throughput screening -- Targeting histone acyltransferase (HAT) using virtual screening -- Targeting AmpC using virtual screening -- Current open questions when using virtual screening.…”
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DNA methylation

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Roles of DNA methylation -- Evolution of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases -- Mechanism of action of DNA methyltransferases -- Specific loci targeting -- Histone modification -- Small interfering RNA.…”
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Series (Eukaryotic gene regulation)
Series (Epigenetics, chromatin, transcription and cancer)

Genomic insights into gene regulation by cohesin

Subjects: “…Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone metabolism. 104487…”
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Role of polycomb proteins in gene transcription, stem cell and human diseases

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Chromatin structure -- Histone modification and regulation of methylation -- Polycomb complexes (gene silencing, recruitement & displacement of proteins, protein levels in embryoid bodies, binding regulation) -- PcG genes and human cancers -- Variations of Polycomb Repressive Complexes and their associations with polycomb proteins -- CBX family of proteins -- The Polycomb-like gene family.…”
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Comparing transcriptomes of distant organisms models of gene expression, part 2 of 2 /

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Histone modification (HM) models relating gene expression to promoter activity -- Building a universal model for human, worm and fly -- Similarly constructed transcription factor (TF) binding models.…”
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Gene silencing in budding yeast

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Nucleosome assembly during DNA replication

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Introduction to chromatin structure -- Primary function of chromatin: DNA compaction -- The nucleosome core particle -- De novo nucleosome assembly during the cell cycle -- Two distinct processes contribute to restoration of chromatin structure during DNA replication -- A fundamental problem in nucleosome assembly: histone-DNA aggregation -- Chromatin Assembly Factor 1 (CAF-1) and PCNA -- ASF1: a multi-talented histone chaperone -- Biomedical implications -- Agents that block the acetylation and deacetylation of new histones may sensitise cells to cancer chemotherapeutic agents -- Genome-wide histone acetylation, deacetylation and epigenetic inheritance -- Epigenetic xerox machines as potential targets for cancer therapy and regenerative medicine.…”
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Epigenetic information in gene expression and cancer

Table of Contents: “…Contents: Types and functions of histone modifications -- Histone code hypothesis -- Epigenetics and transcription regulation -- Relevance for human disease.…”
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