Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya
Introduction; The efficacy of Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae), Acalypha fruticosa (Euphorbiaciae) and Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Compositae) extracts were evaluated for the control of Phlebotomus duboscqi while incorporated in sucrose. This is the first time plant extracts have been used in sucrose bait...
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| author | Ireri, L N, Kongoro, J Ngure, P K Tonui, W |
| author_facet | Ireri, L N, Kongoro, J Ngure, P K Tonui, W |
| author_sort | Ireri, L N, |
| collection | DSpace |
| description | Introduction; The efficacy of Tagetes minuta
(Asteraceae), Acalypha fruticosa (Euphorbiaciae) and
Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Compositae) extracts
were evaluated for the control of Phlebotomus
duboscqi while incorporated in sucrose. This is the first
time plant extracts have been used in sucrose baits
against sand flies as opposed to environmentally
unfriendly synthetic insecticides.
Materials and methods; The plants were collected
from Marigat area, Baringo district in the Rift Valley
Province of Kenya, an endemic area for leishmaniases.
Extraction was done using N-hexane, dichloromethane,
ethyl acetate and methanol.
Results; The extracts showed significant mortality (P<
0.05) to both males and females and had comparable
LD50 values in Tagetes minuta and Acalypha fruticosa
extracts bioassays. The lowest LD50 value for females
was 10.6mg/ml in ethyl acetate bioassays in Tagetes
minuta and Acalypha fruticosa extracts, while the
highest was 12.0 mg/ml in Tagetes minuta methanol
extract. Males had the lowest value of 9.9mg/ml in
Tagetes minuta methanol extract, while the highest
was in Acalypha fruticosa methanol extract with a
value of 15.5mg/ml. Results however showed that
there was no significant mortality (P> 0.05) difference
between males and females but mortality significantly
differed (P<0.05) at various concentrations.
Tarchonanthus camphoratus and combined extracts
however showed weaker insecticidal properties than
from separate extracts. Feeding the larvae using
extracts in larval food and plain powders nonetheless
revealed no larvicidal properties in the plant samples.
Conclusion; The results showed potent properties
and may guide future research initiatives aimed at
controlling sand flies using sugar baits as alternative
approaches to conventional methods. Acalypha fruticosa Forssk (Euphorbiaciae), botanical
compounds, Tagetes minuta Linnaeus (Asteraceae),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus L (Compositae),
phlebotomine sand flies |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:repository.daystar.ac.ke:123456789-4394 |
| institution | Daystar University |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | WebmedCentral |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:repository.daystar.ac.ke:123456789-43942024-05-02T13:01:49Z Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya Ireri, L N, Kongoro, J Ngure, P K Tonui, W Acalypha Fruticosa Forssk (Euphorbiaciae) Botanical Compounds Tagetes Minuta Linnaeus (Asteraceae) Tarchonanthus Camphoratus L (Compositae) Phlebotomine Sand Flies Introduction; The efficacy of Tagetes minuta (Asteraceae), Acalypha fruticosa (Euphorbiaciae) and Tarchonanthus camphoratus (Compositae) extracts were evaluated for the control of Phlebotomus duboscqi while incorporated in sucrose. This is the first time plant extracts have been used in sucrose baits against sand flies as opposed to environmentally unfriendly synthetic insecticides. Materials and methods; The plants were collected from Marigat area, Baringo district in the Rift Valley Province of Kenya, an endemic area for leishmaniases. Extraction was done using N-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Results; The extracts showed significant mortality (P< 0.05) to both males and females and had comparable LD50 values in Tagetes minuta and Acalypha fruticosa extracts bioassays. The lowest LD50 value for females was 10.6mg/ml in ethyl acetate bioassays in Tagetes minuta and Acalypha fruticosa extracts, while the highest was 12.0 mg/ml in Tagetes minuta methanol extract. Males had the lowest value of 9.9mg/ml in Tagetes minuta methanol extract, while the highest was in Acalypha fruticosa methanol extract with a value of 15.5mg/ml. Results however showed that there was no significant mortality (P> 0.05) difference between males and females but mortality significantly differed (P<0.05) at various concentrations. Tarchonanthus camphoratus and combined extracts however showed weaker insecticidal properties than from separate extracts. Feeding the larvae using extracts in larval food and plain powders nonetheless revealed no larvicidal properties in the plant samples. Conclusion; The results showed potent properties and may guide future research initiatives aimed at controlling sand flies using sugar baits as alternative approaches to conventional methods. Acalypha fruticosa Forssk (Euphorbiaciae), botanical compounds, Tagetes minuta Linnaeus (Asteraceae), Tarchonanthus camphoratus L (Compositae), phlebotomine sand flies This work was supported by the International Foundation for Science (IFS) Karlavägen Stockholm, Sweden and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, The Hague (OPCW) 2024-05-02T13:01:43Z 2024-05-02T13:01:43Z 2011-12-28 Article Ireri L N, Kongoro J , Ngure P K, Tonui W . Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya . WebmedCentral PARASITOLOGY 2011;2(3):WMC001651 https://repository.daystar.ac.ke/handle/123456789/4394 en WMC001651 application/octet-stream WebmedCentral |
| spellingShingle | Acalypha Fruticosa Forssk (Euphorbiaciae) Botanical Compounds Tagetes Minuta Linnaeus (Asteraceae) Tarchonanthus Camphoratus L (Compositae) Phlebotomine Sand Flies Ireri, L N, Kongoro, J Ngure, P K Tonui, W Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya |
| title | Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya |
| title_full | Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya |
| title_fullStr | Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya |
| title_short | Laboratory Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts in Sugar Baits and Larval Food Against Phlebotomus Duboscqi Neveu Lemaire (diptera: Psychodidae), A Vector for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kenya |
| title_sort | laboratory evaluation of selected medicinal plant extracts in sugar baits and larval food against phlebotomus duboscqi neveu lemaire (diptera: psychodidae), a vector for cutaneous leishmaniasis in kenya |
| topic | Acalypha Fruticosa Forssk (Euphorbiaciae) Botanical Compounds Tagetes Minuta Linnaeus (Asteraceae) Tarchonanthus Camphoratus L (Compositae) Phlebotomine Sand Flies |
| url | https://repository.daystar.ac.ke/handle/123456789/4394 |
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Ink, stink bait, revenge, and Queen Elizabeth : a Yorkshire yeoman's household book /