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Classical and modern engineering methods in fluid flow and heat transfer an introduction for engineers and students /

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Dorfman, A. Sh. (Abram Shlemovich)
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:English
Published: [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017) : Momentum Press, 2013.
Subjects:
Fluid mechanics.
Heat > Transmission.
fluid flow
heat transfer
classical methods
modern methods
analytical
numerical
exact
approximation
laminar/ turbulent flows
laminar flow stability theory
solid heat transfer
strong comprehension presentation
conjugate heat transfer
criteria conjugate/common approach
conjugate/semi-conjugate peristaltic flow
78 fluid flow/heat transfer examples
41 application conjugate engineering/biology/ medicine solutions
417 fluid flow/heat transfer exercises
109 mathematical/ historical comments
methods errors
criteria selection methods
Navier-Stokes equation forms
average Navier-Stokes equation (RANS)
boundary-layer theory
creeping flows
boundary conditions
Derichlet/ Neumann problems
algebraic/k - e / k - w turbulence models
classical numerical methods as weighted residuals
special numerical calculation difficulties
numerical conjugation approaches
modern numerical turbulence simulation DNS
LES
DES
Online Access:An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view
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Table of Contents:
  • List of figures
  • List of examples
  • Nomenclature
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgment
  • About the author
  • Part I. Classical methods in fluid flow and heat transfer
  • 1. Methods in heat transfer of solids
  • 1.1 Historical notes
  • 1.2 Heat conduction equation and problem formulation
  • 1.2.1 Cartesian coordinates
  • 1.2.2 Orthogonal curvilinear coordinates
  • 1.2.3 Universal function for heat flux on an arbitrary nonisothermal surface
  • 1.2.4 Initial, boundary, and conjugate conditions
  • Exercises 1.1-1.12
  • 1.3 Solution using error integral
  • 1.3.1 An infinite solid or thin, laterally insulated rod
  • 1.3.2 A semi-infinite solid or thin, laterally insulated rod
  • 1.4 Duhamel's method
  • 1.4.1 Duhamel integral derivation
  • 1.4.2 Time-dependent surface temperature
  • Exercises 1.13-1.27
  • 1.5 Method of separation variables
  • 1.5.1 General approach, homogeneous, and inhomogeneous problems
  • 1.5.2 One-dimensional unsteady problems
  • 1.5.3 Orthogonality of Eigenfunctions
  • Exercises 1.28-1.43
  • 1.5.4 Two-dimensional steady problems
  • 1.6 Integral transforms
  • 1.6.1 Fourier transform
  • 1.6.2 Laplace transform
  • 1.7 Green's function method
  • Exercises 1.44-1.60
  • 2. Methods in laminar fluid flow and heat transfer
  • 2.1 A brief history
  • 2.2 Navier-Stokes, energy, and mass transfer equations
  • 2.2.1 Two types of transport mechanism, analogy between transfer processes
  • 2.2.2 Different forms of Navier-Stokes, energy, and diffusion equations
  • 2.2.2.1 Vector form
  • 2.2.2.2 Einstein and other index notation
  • 2.2.2.3 Vorticity form of the Navier-Stokes equation
  • 2.2.2.4 Stream function form of the Navier-Stokes equation
  • 2.2.2.5 Irrotational inviscid two-dimensional flows
  • 2.2.2.6 Curvilinear orthogonal coordinates
  • Exercises 2.1-2.24
  • 2.3 Initial and boundary conditions
  • 2.3.1 Navier-Stokes equations
  • 2.3.2 Specific issues of the energy equation
  • 2.4 Exact solutions of Navier-Stokes and energy equations
  • 2.4.1 Two Stokes problems
  • 2.4.2 Solutions of three other unsteady problems
  • 2.4.3 Steady flow in channels and in a circular tube
  • 2.4.4 Stagnation point flow (Hiemenz flow)
  • 2.4.5 Other exact solutions
  • 2.4.6 Some exact solutions of the energy equation
  • 2.4.6.1 Couette flow in a channel with heated walls
  • 2.4.6.2 Adiabatic wall temperature
  • 2.4.6.3 Temperature distributions in channels and in a tube
  • 2.5 Cases of small and large Reynolds and Peclet numbers
  • 2.5.1 Creeping approximation (small Reynolds and Peclet numbers)
  • 2.5.1.1 Stokes flow past a sphere
  • 2.5.1.2 Oseen's approximation
  • 2.5.1.3 Heat transfer from the sphere in the stokes flow
  • 2.5.2 Boundary-layer approximation (large Reynolds and Peclet numbers)
  • 2.5.2.1 Derivation of boundary-layer equations
  • 2.5.2.2 Prandtl-Mises and G�ortler transformations
  • 2.5.2.3 Theory of similarity and dimensionless numbers
  • 2.5.2.4 Boundary-layer equations of higher order
  • Exercises 2.25-2.65
  • 2.6 Exact solutions of the boundary-layer equations
  • 2.6.1 Flow and heat transfer on an isothermal semi-infinite flat plate (Blasius and Pohlhausen solutions)
  • 2.6.2 Self-similar flows in dynamic and thermal boundary layers
  • 2.6.3 Solutions in the power series form
  • 2.6.4 Flow in the case of potential velocity u(x) = u0 - axn (Howarth flow)
  • 2.6.5 Fluid flows interaction
  • 2.6.5.1 Flow in the wake of a body
  • 2.6.5.2 Two-dimensional jet
  • 2.6.5.3 Mixing layer of two parallel streams
  • 2.6.6 Flow in straight and convergent channels
  • 2.6.7 Solutions of second-order boundary-layer equations
  • 2.6.8 Solutions of the thermal boundary-layer equation
  • Exercises 2.66-2.88
  • 2.7 Approximate methods in the boundary-layer theory
  • 2.7.1 Karman-Pohlhausen integral method
  • 2.7.1.1 Friction and heat transfer on a flat plate
  • 2.7.1.2 Flows with pressure gradients
  • 2.7.2 Linearization of the momentum boundary-layer equation
  • 2.7.2.1 Flow at the outer edge of the boundary layer
  • 2.7.2.2 Universal function for the skin friction coefficient
  • 2.7.3 Thermal boundary-layer equations for limiting Prandtl numbers
  • 2.8 Natural convection
  • Exercises 2.89-2.17
  • 3. Methods in turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer
  • 3.1 Transition from laminar to turbulent flow
  • 3.1.1 Basic characteristics
  • 3.1.2 The problem of laminar flow stability
  • 3.2 Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation
  • 3.2.1 Some physical aspects
  • 3.2.2 Reynolds averaging
  • 3.2.3 Reynolds equations and Reynolds stresses
  • 3.3 Algebraic models
  • 3.3.1 Prandtl's mixing-length hypothesis
  • 3.3.2 Modern structure of velocity profile in turbulent boundary layer
  • Exercises 3.1-3.22
  • 3.3.3 Mellor-Gibson model [9, 10, 13, 18]
  • 3.3.4 Cebeci-Smith model [13]
  • 3.3.5 Baldwin-Lomax model [18]
  • 3.3.6 Application of the algebraic models
  • 3.3.6.1 The far wake
  • 3.3.6.2 The two-dimensional jet
  • 3.3.6.3 Mixing layer of two parallel streams
  • 3.3.6.4 Flows in channel and pipe
  • 3.3.6.5 The boundary-layer flows
  • 3.3.6.6 Heat transfer from an isothermal surface
  • 3.3.6.7 The effect of the turbulent Prandtl number
  • 3.3.7 The 1/2 equation model
  • 3.3.8 Applicability of the algebraic models
  • Exercises 3.23-3.40
  • 3.4 One-equation and two-equation models
  • 3.4.1 Turbulence kinetic energy equation
  • 3.4.2 One-equation models
  • 3.4.3 Two-equation models
  • 3.4.3.1 The k - w model
  • 3.4.3.2 The k - e model
  • 3.4.3.3 The other turbulence models
  • 3.4.4 Applicability of the one-equation and two-equation models
  • 3.5 Integral methods
  • Exercises 3.41-3.56
  • Part II. Modern conjugate methods in heat transfer and fluid flow
  • Introduction
  • Concept of conjugation
  • Why and when are conjugate methods required?
  • 4. Conjugate heat transfer problem as a conduction problem
  • 4.1 Formulation of conjugate heat transfer problem
  • 4.2 Universal function for laminar fluid flow
  • 4.2.1 Universal function for heat flux in self-similar flows as an exact solution of a thermal boundary-layer equation
  • 4.2.2 Universal function for heat flux in arbitrary pressure gradient flow
  • 4.2.3 Integral universal function for heat flux in arbitrary pressure gradient flow
  • 4.2.4 Examples of applications of universal functions for heart flux
  • Exercises 4.1-4.32
  • 4.2.5 Universal function for a temperature head
  • 4.2.6 Universal function for unsteady heat flux in self-similar flow
  • 4.2.7 Universal function for heat flux in compressible fluid flow
  • 4.2.8 Universal function for heat flux for a moving continuous sheet
  • 4.2.9 Universal function for power-law non-Newtonian fluids
  • 4.2.10 Universal function for the recovery factor
  • 4.2.11 Universal function for an axisymmetric body
  • Exercises 4.33-4.50
  • 4.3 Universal functions for turbulent flow
  • 4.4 Reducing a conjugate problem to a conduction problem
  • 4.4.1 Universal function as a general boundary condition
  • 4.4.2 Estimation of errors caused by boundary condition of the third kind
  • 4.4.3 Equivalent conduction problem with the combined boundary condition
  • 4.4.4 Equivalent conduction problem for unsteady heat transfer
  • Exercises 4.51-4.61
  • 5. General properties of nonisothermal and conjugate heat transfer
  • 5.1 Effect of temperature head distribution: temperature head decreasing-basic reason for low heat transfer rate
  • 5.1.1 Effect of the temperature head gradient
  • 5.1.2 Effect of flow regime
  • 5.1.3 Effect of pressure gradient
  • 5.2 Biot number, a measure of problem conjugation
  • 5.3 Gradient analogy
  • 5.4 Heat flux inversion
  • 5.5 Zero heat transfer surfaces
  • 5.6 Examples of optimizing heat transfer in flow over bodies
  • Exercises 5.1-5.30
  • 6. Conjugate heat transfer in flow past plates, charts for solving conjugate heat transfer problems
  • 6.1 Temperature singularities on the solid-fluid interface
  • 6.1.1 Basic equations
  • 6.1.2 Singularity types
  • 6.1.2.1. Laminar flow at the stagnation point
  • 6.1.2.2. Laminar flow at zero-pressure gradient
  • 6.1.2.3. Turbulent flow at zero-pressure gradient
  • 6.1.2.4. Laminar gradient flow with power-law free-stream velocity cx m
  • 6.1.2.5. Asymmetric laminar-turbulent flow
  • 6.2 Charts for solving conjugate heat transfer
  • 6.2.1 Charts development
  • 6.2.2 Using charts
  • Exercises 6.1-6.17
  • 6.3 Applicability of charts and one-dimensional approach
  • 6.3.1 Refining and estimating accuracy of the charts data
  • 6.3.2 Applicability of thermally thin body assumption
  • 6.3.3 Applicability of the one-dimensional approach and two-dimensional effects
  • 6.4 Conjugate heat transfer in flow past plates
  • Exercises 6.18-6.31
  • Conclusion of heat transfer investigation (chapters 4-6)
  • Should any heat transfer problem be considered as a conjugate?
  • 7. Peristaltic motion as a conjugate problem: motion in channels with flexible walls
  • 7.1 What is the peristaltic motion like?
  • 7.2 Formulation of the conjugate problem
  • 7.3 Early works
  • 7.4 Semi-conjugate solutions
  • 7.5 Conjugate solutions
  • Exercises 7.1-7.24
  • Part III. Numerical methods in fluid flow and heat transfer
  • 8. Classical numerical methods in fluid flow and heat transfer
  • 8.1 Why analytical or numerical methods?
  • 8.2 Approximate methods for solving differential equations
  • 8.3 Some features of computing flow and heat transfer characteristics
  • 8.3.1 Control-volume finite-difference method
  • 8.3.1.1 Computing pressure and velocity
  • 8.3.1.2 Computing convection-diffusion terms
  • 8.3.1.3 False diffusion
  • 8.3.2 Control-volume finite-element method
  • 8.4 Numerial methods of conjugation
  • Exercises 8.1-8.27
  • 9. Modern numerical methods in turbulence
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Direct numerical simulation
  • 9.3 Large eddy simulation
  • 9.4 Detached eddy simulation
  • 9.5 Chaos theory
  • 9.6 Concluding remarks
  • Exercises 9.1-9.12
  • Part IV. Applications in engineering, biology, and medicine
  • 10. Heat transfer in thermal and cooling systems
  • 10.1 Heat exchangers and pipes
  • 10.1.1 Pipes and channels
  • 10.1.2 Heat exchangers and finned surfaces
  • 10.2 Cooling systems
  • 10.2.1 Electronic packages
  • 10.2.2 Turbine blades and rocket
  • 10.2.3 Nuclear reactor
  • 10.3 Energy systems
  • 11. Heat and mass transfer in technology processes
  • 11.1 Multiphase and phase-changing processes
  • 11.2 Manufacturing processes simulation
  • 11.3 Draing technology
  • 11.4 Food processing
  • 12. Fluid flow and heat transfer in biology and clinical medicine
  • 12.1 Blood flow in normal and pathologic vessels
  • 12.2 Peristaltic flow in disordered human organs
  • 12.3 Biologic transport processes
  • Conclusion
  • Appendix
  • Cited pioneers, contributors
  • Author index
  • Index.

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