Edna Ulman-Margalit (; born 1946 - died 2010) was a noted philosophy academic and social scientist who worked for many years at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In her 1977 book ''The emergence of norms'' published by OUP she argues that some of the problems caused by some social interactions can be solved by norms. These problems can be thought of as ''inhering'' in the game-theoretical structure of some particular social situations. She delimits various types of situations as paradigms to be dealt with.
1) Prisoners' Dilemma-type situations
2) Co-ordination type situations; and
3) Inequality (or partiality) type situations.
In each of these some basic difficulties confront the individuals involved. Different types of norms of social behaviour are then proposed as solutions to each of these situations.
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